No grand jury can make an informed decision to pursue the investigation further, much less to indict or not indict, without the reporters' evidence. It is therefore not privileged - U.S. Second Circuit Court of AppealsThis is the latest in what Reuters describes as a "free speech battle."
The Times filed a lawsuit and successfully blocked a threatened subpoena being sought by Fitzgerald to seek the phone records of the two reporters after the newspaper refused to identify their sources.However, the appeals court overturned that with a 2-1 ruling.
From Reuters:
Gee, whoda thunk? Looks like there is a little sanity in the court sometimes. People tweak about that type of reaction, but how does one find leaks in a boat without looking? We're not talking "whistleblowers" here.The appeals court agreed a reporter's third party telephone records can be covered by the same privileges afforded to their personal records, but said the government had shown the information could not be obtained elsewhere.
The grand jury investigation's "serious law enforcement concerns" override a reporter's protection of privilege, the court said, and because the reporters' actions were central to the investigation, "there simply is no substitute for the evidence they have."